Varun Jain

Varun Jain is an Assistant Professor of Political Science with a strong academic background, holding both a B.A. and an M.A. in Political Science. Alongside his teaching career, he has appeared in the UPSC Civil Services Examination and cleared the Mains stage three times, with Political Science & International Relations (PSIR) as his optional subject. This unique blend of academic expertise and UPSC experience makes him fluent in the subject matter as well as exam-oriented preparation. He now shares his insights by providing high-quality model answers in UPSC PSIR, helping aspirants strengthen their conceptual clarity and answer-writing skills.

Bondholders vs Stockholders: UPSC Prelims 2025 Question Solved

Q. Consider the following statements Statement I: As regards returns from an investment in a company, generally, bondholders are considered to be relatively at lower risk than stockholders.Statement II: Bondholders are lenders to a company whereas stockholders are its owners.Statement III: For repayment purposes, bondholders are prioritized over stockholders by a company. Which one of […]

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Mineral Security Partnership and Critical Minerals: UPSC CSE Prelims 2025 Solved

Q. Consider the following statements: I. India has joined the Minerals Security Partnership as a member.II. India is a resource-rich country in all the 30 critical minerals that it has identified.III. The Parliament in 2023 has amended the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957 empowering the Central Government to exclusively auction mining lease

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Taxation of Agricultural Income: UPSC Prelims 2025 Question Solved

Statement I: In India, income from allied agricultural activities like poultry farming and wool rearing in rural areas is exempted from any tax.Statement II: In India, rural agricultural land is not considered a capital asset under the provisions of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above

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h1b norms and impact on India

PSIR Current Affairs: Tightening of H-1B Visa Norms in the US

Introduction The H-1B visa, a cornerstone of the United States’ non-immigrant employment policy, has long been a subject of policy debate. Originally intended to address the shortage of high-skilled labor in the US, it allows companies to employ foreign professionals in specialty occupations. Over the last decade, attempts to regulate its use have intensified, reflecting

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Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report: UPSC Prelims Question 2025

Consider the following statements:I. The Reserve Bank of India mandates all the listed companies in India to submit a Business Responsibility and Sustainability Report (BRSR).II. In India, a company submitting a BRSR makes disclosures in the report that are largely non-financial in nature. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?[A] I only[B] II only[C]

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Key Government Directorates under Department of Revenue – UPSC Prelims 2025 — Q3 (Set A)

The Question on Department of Revenue Q3. With reference to the Government of India, consider the information: Organization Some of its functions It works under I. Directorate of Enforcement Enforcement of the Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 Internal Security Division-1, Ministry of Home Affairs II. Directorate of Revenue Intelligence Enforced the Provisions of the Customs

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Sources of Income of RBI: UPSC Prelims 2025 Question 2

Question on Income of RBI Which of the following are the sources of income for the Reserve Bank of India? I. Buying and selling Government bondsII. Buying and selling foreign currencyIII. Pension fund managementIV. Lending to private companiesV. Printing and distributing currency notes Options: Answer: (d) I, II and V ✅ Understanding the Concept The

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alternative investment funds upsc prelims

Alternative Investment Funds – UPSC Prelims 2025 — Q1 (Set A)

Q1. With reference to investments, consider the following: (UPSC Prelims 2025) How many of the above are treated as Alternative Investment Funds? a) Only one b) Only two c) Only three d) All the four Answer: (b) The Answer Correct Answer: (b) Only two ✅ Elimination logic: 👉 So, 2 are AIFs: Hedge Funds &

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Explicate the Ideological Components of Gandhism – UPSC PSIR Model Answer

Explicate the Ideological Components of Gandhism. (2020/20M/250W/3a) In the Political Science and International Relations (PSIR) syllabus of UPSC CSE, Gandhism holds a central place. While Karl Marx, Hobbes, and Locke built systematic theories, Gandhi’s thought emerged from lived experiences of colonial oppression and India’s struggle for freedom. His philosophy cannot be confined to narrow political

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Decline of Political Theory: A Critical Analysis for UPSC PSIR Optional

Comment on Decline of political theory [2023/10m/150w/1e] The “decline of political theory” is one of the most debated themes in political science, often appearing in UPSC PSIR Paper I under the section on political theory. The issue reflects the tension between normative political philosophy and empirical political science. For aspirants, this debate is not just

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